Anti trust claims Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Against trust claims - Research Paper Example The fundamental inquiries were whether Microsoft controlled itsâ application programming interfaces (APIs) to support Internet Explorer over outsider internet browsers (McMillan, 2003). The antitrust body of evidence against Microsoft set a perilous model that predicts expanding government guideline in an industry which was once in the past moderately liberated from government interruption and that future mechanical advancement in the business will be impede thus. Microsoft was not so much making any benefits from Internet Explorer, and its marriage with the working framework was because of shopper desire to have a program packaged with the working framework. Rather, Microsofts genuine anticompetitive pummel was in the limits it offered to Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) keeping other working frameworks from getting a balance in the market. As per Microsoft the merger of Microsoft Windows and Internet Explorer was the outcome ofâ innovationâ andâ competition. Anyway the program is as yet an unmistakable and separate item which didn't should be combined with a working framework since a different form was accessible for Mac OS. Microsoft working frameworks overwhelms around 90-95% of working frameworks in PCs and has gotten an intrinsic standard for home and business PC applications. It is genuinely clear that Microsoft is the main firm in the market for PC working frameworks. The inquiry in the current Microsoft antitrust case is whether Microsoft has utilized its syndication to control exchange infringement of government antitrust rules (Brennan, 2002). Microsofts choice to coordinate Internet Explorer into the working framework was expected to cleanse the serious danger presented by Netscape and Sun Microsystems Java programming language. This activity, I accept, is a characteristic expansion of the Windows

Final Assignment Autism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Last Assignment Autism - Research Paper Example The information on sources is auxiliary, since whether chemical imbalance has hereditary, ecological, parental or different causes is less significant than the condition; yet it is significant for teachers to realize that chemical imbalance is by all accounts such a major learning and state of mind that it isn't only a question of changing a youngster's demeanor or getting them to open up a bit. It is essential that, in any event, educators comprehend the excruciating tactile torrent that autistics are regularly experiencing. Various sorts of mental imbalance mean various outcomes. For instance: Asperger and Rett are entirely unexpected as far as how they present, their visualization, proper symptomatic apparatuses, and fitting treatment. Asperger's victims have a fanatical enthusiasm for singular subjects: This makes it difficult to treat them, yet in addition gives a rope point to take hold of and pull, a route into their reality by understanding what they fixate on. In the mean ti me, Rett condition happens out of nowhere after obviously ordinary turn of events. Analysis and treatment are the most significant. On account of Jack, past determination helped shed light on the present, however we found that, taking a gander at the discourse pathologists' report, it might have been an ideal opportunity to increase his language instruction. Demonstrative apparatuses after some time are especially useful, as they begin to mention to individuals what can be dealt with (showed by enormous enhancements), what will be a poisonous and painfully slow issue (showed by little or gradual upgrades), and what is basically going to be a losing fight. With Jack, a few regions had unmistakably improved, a few zones had just somewhat changed, and a few territories remained entirely reliable after some time. There is a legend that each mentally unbalanced is Rain Man, that all have a stunning blessing to exchange off yet are socially unimaginable. Truth be told, the two pieces of t his picture is erroneous. Numerous autistics can improve to where they appear to be a lot of ordinary to individuals, have profound and suffering fellowships, and can coordinate their over the top practices towards something beneficial. Many are additionally absolutely typical or even beneath normal in different territories of working: Not each one is a mentally unbalanced intellectual; truth be told, medically introverted academics are very uncommon! It is significant that individuals working with autistics at all levels realize that only one out of every odd one of them is a virtuoso fit to be bridled, but instead a typical kid chasing and longing to have a not so much excruciating but rather more fulfilling life. Whatever abilities a kid has, they are best served by instructors and advisors guiding them towards sound social association as opposed to pampering or playing to their

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Maintaining the Mystery

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Maintaining the Mystery Many high school students are taught that they must begin each essay with an introduction that outlines all of the issues that will follow. We have found that offering such comprehensive introductions means that little mystery is left for the body of the essay, and the writer thus risks losing the reader’s interest entirely. The following paragraph, which is the introduction to a candidates essay on “his/her impact on a group and what he/she learned from the experience,” is basically a series of stylistic errorsone of the most egregious of which is eliminating the mystery: “My most crucial task this past year was managing a project in collaboration with Oracle to develop a $10.5 million integrated database system for large clothing retailers. I led a 26-member team from my firm, ABC Technology, and Oracle to establish the design, monitor the systems and train new members to manage the completed project. I also evaluated security risks, managed budgetary needs and developed quality assurance testing plans to meet Oracle and retailer specifications. I faced many challenges while working with culturally and geographically diverse teams, but overcame these challenges through unique team-building exercises and my own effective leadership and completed the project on time.” In this poorly written paragraph, the reader does not receive merely an introduction to the significant issues, but rather an abbreviated version of the entire story. By the end of this paragraph, the reader knows not only what all of the technical and human resource issues were but also that they were ultimately overcome and that the project was delivered on time. What is left for the reader to discover? By ensuring that only the main issuesâ€"the technological and personnel challengesâ€"are mentioned in the introduction, and mentioned in an open-ended way, the writer sustains the reader’s interest: “When I contemplated leading a joint ABC Technology and Oracle team to develop a $10.5 million inventory management system for large retailers, I imagined that the problems I would face would be purely technical. While I did encounter a litany of technical obstacles, more significantly, I found that fusing two teams from entirely different cultures presented the greatest challenges to my leadership skills. As I set out to meld 26 individuals into a unified and directed group, I transitioned from a technophile to a manager capable of harnessing the strengths of a culturally and geographically diverse team.” In this example, the first few sentences introduce the reader to the problem, but the final sentence creates an incentive for the reader to continue reading. The reader is left with questions: “How did he/she harness these strengths?” “How did he/she complete this professional transition?” Unfortunately, there are no simple rules for maintaining the mystery; each writer has to exercise judgment and try to objectively ask him-/herself: “What is spurring the reader to learn more?” Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

How to Solve Proportions Adjusting a Recipe

A proportion is a set of 2 fractions that equal each other. This article focuses on how to solve proportions. Real World Uses of Proportions Modifying a budget for a restaurant chain that is expanding from 3 locations to 20 locationsCreating a skyscraper from blueprintsCalculating tips, commissions, and sales tax Use Proportions to Modify a Recipe On Monday, you are cooking enough white rice to serve exactly 3 people. The recipe calls for 2 cups of water and 1 cup of dry rice. On Sunday, you are going to serve rice to 12 people. How would the recipe change? If you’ve ever made rice, you know that this ratio — 1 part dry rice and 2 parts water  Ã¢â‚¬â€ is important. Mess it up, and you’ll be scooping a gummy, hot mess on top of your guests crawfish à ©touffà ©e. Because you are quadrupling your guest list (3 people * 4 12 people), you must quadruple your recipe. Cook 8 cups of water and 4 cups of dry rice. These shifts in a recipe demonstrate the heart of proportions: use a ratio to accommodate lifes greater and smaller changes. Algebra and Proportions 1 Sure, with the right numbers, you can forgo setting up an algebraic equation to determine the amounts of dry rice and water. What happens when the numbers are not so friendly? On Thanksgiving, youll be serving rice to 25 people. How much water do you need?Because the ratio of 2 parts water and 1 part dry rice applies to cooking 25 servings of rice, use a proportion to determine the quantity of ingredients. Note: Translating a word problem into an equation is super important. Yes, you can solve an incorrectly set up equation and find an answer. You can also mix rice and water together to create food to serve at Thanksgiving. Whether the answer or food is palatable depends on the equation. Think about what you know: 3 servings of cooked rice 2 cups of water; 1 cup of dry rice25 servings of cooked rice ? cups of water; ? cup of dry rice3 servings of cooked rice/25 servings of cooked rice 2 cups of water/x cups of water3/25 2/x​ Cross multiply. Hint: Write these fractions vertically to get the full understanding of cross multiplying. To cross multiply, take the first fractions numerator and multiply it by the second fractions denominator. Then take the second fractions numerator and multiply it by the first fractions denominator.3 * x 2 * 253x 50Divide both sides of the equation by 3 to solve for x.3x/3 50/3x 16.6667 cups of waterVerify that the answer is correct.Is 3/25 2/16.6667?3/25 .122/16.6667 .12The first proportion is right.   Algebra and Proportions 2 Remember that x will not always be in the numerator. Sometimes the variable is in the denominator, but the process is the same. Solve the following for x. 36/x 108/12 Cross multiply:36 * 12 108 * x432 108xDivide both sides by 108 to solve for x.432/108 108x/1084 xCheck and make sure the answer is right. Remember, a proportion is defined as 2 equivalent fractions:Does 36/4 108/12?36/4 9108/12 9It’s right! Answers and Solutions to Solving Proportions 1. a/49 4/35Cross multiply:a *35 4 * 4935a 196Divide both sides of the equation by 35 to solve for a.35a/35 196/35a 5.6Verify that the answer is correct.Does 5.6/49 4/35?5.6/49 .1142857144/35 .114285714  2. 6/x 8/32Cross multiply:6 * 32 8*x192 8xDivide both sides of the equation by 8 to solve for x.192/8 8x/824 xVerify that the answer is correct.Does 6/24 8/32?6/24  ¼8/32  ¼3. 9/3 12/bCross multiply:9 * b 12 * 39b 36Divide both sides of the equation by 9 to solve for b.9b/9 36/9b 4Verify that the answer is correct.Does 9/3 12/4?9/3 312/4 34. 5/60 k/6Cross multiply.5 *6    k * 6030 60kDivide both sides of the equation by 60 to solve for k.30/60 60k/60 ½Ã‚   kVerify that the answer is correct.Does 5/60 (1/2)/ 6?5/60 .08333(1/2)/ 6 .08333.5. 52/949 s/365Cross multiply.52 *365 s * 94918,980 949sDivide both sides of the equation by 949 to solve for s.18,980/949 949s/94920 sVerify that the answer is correct.Does 52/949 20/365?br/>52/949 4/732 0/365 4/736. 22.5/x 5/100Cross multiply.22.5 * 100 5 * x2250 5xDivide both sides of the equation by 5 to solve for x.2250/5 5x/5450 xVerify that the answer is correct.Does 22.5/x 5/100?22.5/450 .055/100 .057. a/180 4/100Cross multiply.a * 100 4 * 180100a 720Divide both sides of the equation by 100 to solve for a.100a/100 720/100a 7.2Verify that the answer is correct.Does 7.2/180 4/100?7.2/180 .044/100 .04 Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Capital Punishment Is Not Effective - 865 Words

There have been many statistics that state there is an estimated 2% to 5% of all prisoners in America are innocent. Capital punishment is legal authorization to kill someone as a punishment for crimes such as treason, terrorism, espionage, federal murder, and large-scale drug trafficking. In the 1960s, the American Convention on Human rights was created providing a right for life, but the death penalty is included as an exception. While the percent for capital punishment is high in America the majority of Americans would rather have the sentencing be life in prison without parole. Even though capital punishment has been used in the past as a form of punishment the death penalty needs to be completely abolished in America. The American government needs to enforce different forms of handling crimes other than capital punishment; insert wording here capital punishment is not effective, it is more costly than life in prison, and the undertaking of capital punishment is racially biased. T o begin, the death penalty is not nearly effective as a prisoner who has life in prison without parole. Many prisoners would rather face the death penalty and lose their lives quickly than have to be stuck inside of a confined building for the rest of their lives never being able to be out in the real world again. Some prisoners on their way to death row have made it clear that death row sound more appealing than sitting behind bars for the rest of their lives. The New York Post had a statementShow MoreRelatedCapital Punishment : An Effective Tool1493 Words   |  6 PagesCapital punishment has been a subject of public debate, since the time the practice of the death penalty was implemented into the legal system. With the number of historical occurrences, it was widely acknowledged that the administration of capital punishment remains to be an imperfect embodiment of governmental power. Many studies in the context of criminological analysis have provided statistics, although inconc lusive, regarding capital punishment as an effective tool in terms of deterrence. ItRead MoreShould Capital Punishment Be Effective?1106 Words   |  5 PagesCapital punishment is constitutional as long as the death penalty is pain free, however, there is a huge controversy about whether the use of execution drug is constitutional or unconstitutional in light of the Eighth Amendment. The Eighth Amendment prohibits the federal government from imposing cruel and unusual punishment and there are arguments about drug injections as not being effective enough to sedate or anesthetic a person until death.() Lethal injection became popular around the lateRead MoreCapital Punishment : Effective Or Inefficient?1428 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Capital Punishment is the toughest thing a natural human being can face, but in the other hand it can bring and claim justice, it dates back to too many years. There s many historical individuals faced the capital punishment such as Saddam Hussain, Omar Al-Mukhtar, Louis XVI. Capital punishment can be defined as the authorization of killing someone because of crimes but does this Rule/Law is really efficient or inefficient? As in usual some policies can be agreed and disagreed byRead MoreIs Capital Punishment An Effective And Humane Deterrent1978 Words   |  8 PagesIs Capital Punishment an effective and humane deterrent for crime? Capital punishment has been around for generations and it has been a controversial topic. The viewpoint in America comes from our ancestors in the United Kingdom and has evolved into the current issue of its constitutionality. Capital punishment has proved to be effective in its ability to achieve retribution for certain crimes and maintain public order . Deterrence has always been a popular reason for keeping the death penalty, butRead MoreThe Effective And Humane Method Of Capital Punishment2442 Words   |  10 Pagessquad, electric chair, lethal gas, and lethal injection. However, preceding the introduction of lethal injection as the most effective and humane method of capital punishment, many states have abandoned the previous procedures in the hope of making capital punishment more palatable to the public and to a judicial system worried about inflicting cruel and unusual punishments that violate the constitution. For several years lethal injection grew in popularity and by 2009, all death-penalty states hadRead More Capital Punishment Essay: Its Fair and Effective964 Words   |  4 PagesCapital Punishment - Its Fair and Effective   Ã‚  Ã‚   Confronting head-on two of the most prominent objections to the death penalty is the object of this paper: Is the death penalty a miscarriage of justice? And Does it Deter Crime?    Its a miscarraige of justice. In a survey Professors Hugo Adam Bedau and Michael Radelet found that 7000 persons were executed in the United States between 1900 and 1985 and that 35 were innocent of capital crimes (1). Among the innocents they list Sacco andRead More Capital Punishment is Not an Effective Crime Deterrent Essay1483 Words   |  6 PagesWhile Capital Punishment has been one of the most feared things of our time, it is still being questioned if it is unconstitutional. The Death Penalty is being enforced in more than 100 countries in the world and are usually used in politically-related cases. Although it has been the case in many countries throughout the world it has been said that the Death Penalty is cruel and unusual punishment which is a direct violation to the Bill of Rights. Capital Punishment is a certainRead MoreThe Truth About The Death Penalty973 Words   |  4 PagesKolodny believes that capital punishment has too many complications and variables that cause it be more of an issue than a real solution for capital offenses. She proposes that the death penalty should be dropped and exchanged for better programs such as Proposition 34, which replaces capital punishment for a sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole. Kolodny’s factual claims and abundance of supportive evidence regarding the problems with capital punishment successfully persuadeRead MoreCapital Punishment Is A Form Of Torture971 Words   |  4 PagesCapital punishment is nothing new; executions have taken place for centuries. Capital punishment is utilized throughout the world. Thirty-six countries currently use the death penalty in law and practice. One hundred and three countries have abolished the death penalty completely. Whereas, six countries currently retain the death penalty for special circumstances, such as war crimes (CIA World Factbook). Whether capital punishment is an effective measure to curb future violent crimes is still debatedRead MoreThe Abolition of Capital Punishment in Australia1014 Words   |  5 Pagesabolition of capital punishment in Australia in 1973 imprisonment has been the only option as a sanction for murder. A survey conducted in 2009 demonstrated that a clear majority of Australians (64%) believed that imprisonment should be the punishment for murder as opposed to 23% stating the death penalty should be used and 13% did not wish to comment. The death penalty is not an effective punishment for all cases and there has not been any solid evidence stating that it is a more effective deterrent

Opposing Viewpoints on The Lord´s Supper of Luther and...

The ceremony of the Lord’s Supper at Marburg in 1529 triggered numerous heartless debates amongst two protagonists Luther and Zwingli. Throughout the Reformation era, debates played an important role, as they were a main mechanism in familiarizing the Reformation into countless towns. Debates were a means of resolving differences amongst like-minded Protestant groups. Landgrave Philip of Hesse had summoned the Hessian Chancellor Feige to send for both Luther and Zwingli for the express and urgent purpose of settling their dispute over the Lord’s Supper. Therefore, the purpose of this debate was to solve the dispute over how Luther and Zwingli saw the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper. Luther undoubtedly believed the colloquy is well†¦show more content†¦433). The opinions of Luther and Zwingli were neither new nor sacrilegious, but were based on belief and the Scripture. After Oecolampadius spoke, Zwingli said the Lord’s Supper must be symbolic. It is ever apparent and even required by the article of faith: â€Å"taken up into heaven, seated at the right hand of the Father† (p. 433). It is ridiculous to search for him in the Lord’s Supper the identical time in which Christ is telling individuals that he is located in heaven. One and the identical body cannot be in dissimilar locations. Zwingli stated they call upon Luther to provide glory to God as well as to stop begging the query. Zwingli questioned the proof of Luther’s position as Zwingli willingly contemplates the words Luther says extremely carefully. He knew Luther was trying to outwit him. At this point Zwingli stands by the sixth chapter of John, verse 63, and says that he will not be shaken from it. Due to the excerpt from the vivacious and often brutal debate between Zwingli and Luther, I believe that the Reformation debates led to further hostility rather than compromise and unity between religious and sectarian opponents. I mainly believe that due to this debate being frequently brutal. There was only one major implication that this caused for the future of the Protestant Reformation. That one major implication was that debates continued to be brutal and

Where Are You From free essay sample

Going into my senior year at a new high school, there are many obvious details that most would expect me to obsess over. What will my classes be like? Will I like my teachers? And of course, who will I sit with at lunch? But after years of moving around and changing schools, these questions seem trivial to that one looming question that I am certain will be asked by every person I meet: where are you from? I realize that this seems like a slightly unreasonable anxiety, but there is a legitimate cause to my madness. I have grown up a proud daughter of a service member of our United States Navy, or if you prefer a more forward title, I’m a Navy brat. With this oh-so-charming nickname comes a long history of never knowing where the Navy will send us next. Let me break this down for you. We will write a custom essay sample on Where Are You From? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was born in North Carolina and from there moved to Washington. Then came Virginia, Tennessee, Massachusetts, Florida, Maine, Hawaii, back to Maine, across the Atlantic to Italy, and finally back to Virginia. Whew. I need a breather after that. That’s eight states and one foreign country. On top of that, I’ve lived in thirteen different houses and attended eleven different public schools. Impressed? You should be. I believe that I deserve a pat on the back for not being completely insane after having hopped around from place to place for my entire life. As you can see, I am not â€Å"from† any one place. So then, what do I say when people ask me where I’m from? Do I say North Carolina because I was born there? Or do I say Hawaii because my measly three and a half years there is the longest I’ve ever been in one place? Now do you understand my predicament? What I’ve learned over the years is that who you are is far more than any one geograp hical location. We are not defined by our hometown, but rather by the experiences we have and the choices we make. Unlike most small-town-bred teens, I have observed and experienced a wide array of cultures and lifestyles, from hanging loose in Hawaii to living la vita dolce in Italy. Moving around so much definitely has been a blessing in disguise. Every friend left behind has been replaced with a new and exciting place to explore. Military life has made me adaptable, empathetic, and in constant need of somewhere new to discover. So go ahead; ask me where I’m from. Just don’t expect a one word response. I’m from a loud, quirky, and loving family of five. I’m from spontaneous snowball fights. I’m from shell searching on the beach. I’m from the best pizza you’ll ever have. I’m from tearful goodbyes and joyous reunions. I’m from living every day like it’s my last.

Human Resources Trends free essay sample

Important issues in human resource management include performance appraisals, performance management systems, managing turnover, and safety and health management. Close attention should also be paid to trends and challenges that are on the horizon for human resource management. Performance Management Performance metrics are an important part of human resources management. Performance metrics give employees a chance to find out what they have succeeded at and where they can find out how they have failed. Developing thorough and well-rounded business performance metrics can companies succeed; several methods for doing exist and can be implemented purely or with the company’s own variations. Although performance appraisals are popular at many companies, most corporations are moving towards a complete performance management system. Performance appraisals shouldn’t be totally discounted as a means of reviewing an employee’s positive and negative attributes but should instead be seen as only a portion of the review process. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resources Trends or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Performance management systems are a more comprehensive way for a company to review employees’ performance. A performance management system also ensures that employees are both receiving the input from management that is needed to effectively perform at their jobs and give feedback to management on what the employees’ needs and desires are. As noted by Noe (2007, p. 253), â€Å"A performance management system should aim at achieving employee behavior and attitudes that support the organization’s strategy, goals, and culture. While many separate ideals and principles can go into an effective employee performance management system some principles are a must. Those principles include performance planning, performance monitoring, employee development, employee evaluations, and recognition (U. S. Department of Commerce, n. d. ). Performance planning is defining what is expected of each employee for his or her job. Performance monitoring requires progress reviews at c hosen times throughout the year, which can be as little as one but more effective if several are included throughout the year. Employee development means offering ways to employees that they can both learn better ways to perform in their current position and grow towards other opportunities for either more responsibilities or another position within the company. Employee evaluations are ways to compare employee performance against the performance plan and assigning a rating based on that performance. Recognition programs allow both formal and informal ways to reward employees who exceed the standards of their job and the company. Employee management systems that include a 360-degree performance appraisal are often the best marker for an employee’s performance. The 360-degree performance appraisal includes input from all categories of people that the employee works with including managers, coworkers, subordinates, customers, and the employee’s input on how they see their own performance. The 360-degree approach leaves the least room for bias from any one source (Noe, 2007). Performance Appraisal Effectiveness Validity is an extent that an appraisal measures relevant aspects of performance and omits any irrelevant aspects of performance. In addition, any information that is gathered that does not provide relevant data is considered contaminated. Reliability is consistent results provided by performance measures and interrater reliability is where more than one person measures performance and the results are consistent (Noe, 2007). Performance appraisals should be valid and reliable from a management perspective, but employees need them to be practical to be accepted. If the appraisal does not seem fair to the employees, they will not utilize the feedback from the appraisal to try and improve their performance, which defeats the entire purpose for the performance appraisal system. Performance Appraisal Issues Some of the issues regarding performance appraisals starts with the reasoning that performance should be judged by peers or superiors in the workplace. Very little factual information and empirical evidence is used to measure employee performance (Hauck, 2006). The purpose of performance appraisals is to measure and improve on performance for the individual, and in turn, the organization. People naturally do not like to be judged by other people, and the performance appraisal system can backfire on the employer if the staff feels like they are being graded on how they perform. Another method for initiating employee motivation is through coaching and providing feedback so that employees have a goal to work toward. Managing Turnover Turnover is a measurement of employees leaving an organization, and is an important factor to manage for many reasons. One reason to manage turnover is because of the financial impact on a company. Money is spent recruiting, interviewing, training, and on the time human resources are used to perform these tasks. The productivity lost on a trained or experienced employee leaving is another reason because a new employee needs time to perform at the same production level. Many times, employees will leave companies because they are dissatisfied with the job. This still contributes to company turnover. The company can combat the dissatisfaction and create a more motivated and productive staff. Training is another method for battling turnover. Employees respond positively to personal interaction and training. They want to be confident in their ability to perform their jobs. The response is better performance and productivity. Higher productivity can increase profitability for an organization because trained employees can perform more work in less time, with less people. Safety and Health Management In today’s business environment it is more important than ever to ensure that businesses, along with their Human Resources representatives understand an implement proper safety and health management systems. Reducing the risks of health and safety issues in the workplace is beneficial in many ways to businesses. Economically, reducing health and safety risks saves businesses a vast amount of money. According to OSHA, (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) injuries and illnesses in the workplace cost American businesses roughly $170 billion dollars in expenses each year (OSHA, 2008). Although incorporating safety and health management into the workplace can assist in reducing costs, it also increases workplace efficiency. When workers are sick or get injured they are much more likely to be missing work which has a huge effect on an organization’s ability to meet deadlines and stay on track to reaching organizational objectives. In fact, every year thousands of accidents that occurred in the workplace and resulted in three or more days of missed work are reported to health and safety authority. These accidents can have costly effects on a business both financially and can make it very difficult to get things done on time. In order to confront the health and safety issues in the workplace organizations should always have a safety and health policy in effect that establishes clear guidelines to follow. Human Resources play an extremely important role in communicating these guidelines to all employees so that they too know what the business is doing to protect them from harm and the proper way to respond in case such an event occurs. Human Resources are responsible for letting employees know that they are invested in their health and workplace efficiency. Future Trends For Human Resources According to Steve Bates of HR Magazine (2002), â€Å"Human resource management is undergoing a massive transformation that will change career paths in as-yet uncertain ways. † As globalization continues to change how organizations do business, the way employers manage employees is adapting. Jobs are constantly being outsourced while others are becoming mechanically automated. Those in the field of Human Resources Management will be expected to adapt along with these changes and take on new roles that they may not have previously foreseen. Many analysts are even predicting that the once dominant role of the Human Resources manager, like HR generalist or benefits specialist will start falling by the wayside. Roles will shift from these traditional roles to a more progressive role such as Human Resources Financial Expert. In fact, it is predicted that those entering the field will be expected to have a deep-rooted understanding of business in general before they will even be considered for the position. The responsibilities of the Human Resources department will expand into other departments within the organization increasing the demand that they become more proactive. The upside of these changes is that the importance of Human Resources will be ingrained in the business, making HR managers more necessary and less expendable than ever before. While the trends and challenges of human resource management present a company with an ever changing landscape, companies that are willing to work with their employees are most likely to succeed.

Teaching Emotive Language

Teaching Emotive Language Introduction Regardless of the audiences, public speakers and writers use â€Å"some form of emotive language to grab the attention of the listeners† (Carnine, 2007, p. 347). The speakers use captivating words like â€Å"tyranny† and â€Å"savagery† to trigger a reaction from the audience. The primary objective of using emotive language is to elicit an emotional response, thus making the audience more amenable to what is being said.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Teaching Emotive Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Humans have a tendency to endorse or censure things based on emotional attachment. Thus, for one to win the approval of the audience, they have to be calculative in choosing their words. Besides, the speakers have to be cautious of the connotation. They have to avoid using ambiguous words that the audience might misconstrue and result in squabbles. Summary of Observat ion Notes The tone plays a significant role in emotive language. The tone of the speaker determines the level of attention of the audience. Tone entails numerous factors that include pitch and the speed of the speaker’s voice. Tone does not â€Å"necessarily correlate to the message, and if the speaker is not careful, their delivery can result in a confused audience† (Carnine, 2007, p. 349). Debbie OConnells tone is apposite for the target audience. She uses a low tone and does not shout to the audience. Such a tone does not startle the learners, therefore ensuring that they pay attention. Apart from using a low tone, the teacher does not speak very fast. OConnell uses a moderate pace when talking to the learners. The primary objective of using an average speed is to ensure that the learners get every word that comes from her mouth. With such a rhythm, it is easy for the students to understand what the instructor is saying as well as internalize it. To stir the emotion s of the audience, a speaker has to demonstrate confidence and be friendly. OConnell exudes a lot of confidence in what she is saying. Her voice and pronunciation are clear, therefore ensuring that the students understand everything that she teaches. Besides, she does not use sarcastic terms or phrases that might confuse the learners. Word choice is of great importance in emotive language. Speakers must choose words that are easy to understand and attract attention (Carnine, 2007). The speakers must ensure that they use words with favorable connotation. OConnell uses words that are not only easy to comprehend but also have favorable connotation. For instance, she uses the term â€Å"jagged† to describe the nature of the rocks. The word helps the learners to visualize and understand the environment or the habitat of the lion. Besides, she uses the term â€Å"innocent† when describing the cab as a way to evoke sympathy. By using the term â€Å"innocent†, she manag es to trigger the emotions of the learners and make them commiserate with the cab.Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In so doing, the students understand the meaning of a sentence. Speakers are supposed to use words that communicate a feeling. For instance, OConnell uses the phrase staring hungrily to signify the strong attachment between the lion and its cab. In return, the students can figure out why a lion guards its cabs fiercely. Nonverbal communication like gestures is vital in emotive language. Gestures not only help to keep students attentive but also understand what the instructor is teaching (Kinnucan-Welsch, 2007). Debbie uses gestures to describe the nature of rocks as well as the lion. The gestures act as a teaching aid to make the learners understand. Debbie pauses as she reads the sentence to allow the students understand how they can use better words to make a sentence understandable. By the time she finishes the lesson, the students can identify the ordinary words that if replaced may lead to an appealing sentence. The students apply the thinking aloud technique that enables them to follow what the teacher is saying and understand. The primary objective of the lesson is to help learners understand the importance of replacing ordinary words in a sentence with better words. Moreover, the teaching aims at nurturing creativity in students by inspiring their imagination. Reflection From O’Connell’s video, it is clear that for one to give instructions effectively, they must adhere to certain principles. One has to purge all possible interruptions that might distract the audience. Besides, it is imperative to maintain eye contact when giving instructions. Maintaining eye contact helps to ensure that the audience remains attentive. Failure to maintain eye contact may lead to the audience not taking you seriously, therefo re ignoring whatever you are saying. The use of a firm voice makes the audience pay attention. A speaker should not use a commanding or shrill voice. Instead, the voice should be appealing to the listeners. One should be clear about what they want the listener to do. OConnell is not only clear about the objective of the lesson but also uses an appealing voice and maintains eye contact with the students. When asking questions, one should ensure that they do not use ambiguous words. The use of words with unfavorable connotation may attract negative answers or confuse a student. Hence, a question should be clear and well structured. A well-structured problem is easy to understand and answer. Summary of Year 5 Class Activity Direct Instruction The class activity entails investigating the idea of probability using marbles. The teacher places a box in front of the class and fills it with marbles of different colors. The teacher instructs one of the students to shake the box to ensure that the marbles get mixed up. The objective of shaking the box is to make sure that no marbles of the same color are close to one another. It increases the chance of picking marbles of different colors every time the students dip their hands into the box.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Teaching Emotive Language specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the beginning, the students mix a small number of marbles of each color. The teacher ensures that the students do not put the same number of marbles of each color into the box. After finishing the first experiment, the teacher instructs the students to increase the number of marbles of each color and repeat the experiment. The teacher assists the students to represent the probability of picking a marble of each color on a line. Besides, the students are asked to express the probability as percentages and fractions. After determining the probabilities, the students are requested to create column graphs and pie charts to represent the different possibilities. Purpose of Direct Instruction The primary objective of the direct instruction is to help students understand the likelihood of a particular event happening. Students encounter dilemmas in their daily life. In an event where a student has to choose between multiple options, it becomes difficult to make a viable choice. Having the knowledge of probability may go a long way towards helping a student to weigh between the existing options. Therefore, the objective of the direct instructions is to equip learners with skills in how to assess the possible repercussions of their decisions. Besides, the direct instructions aim at helping the students to learn how to express probabilities as percentages or fractions as well as interpret them. Students are asked to draw pie charts and column graphs to help in determining which type of marbles was dominant in the box. Besides, the students learn how to interpret probabilities using graphs and pie charts. Monitoring the Response of Students Teachers can tell if students have understood a concept by giving them simple exercises. A teacher is not supposed to introduce a new concept if a majority of the learners are not conversant with a previous theory. To know whether students have understood an activity, it is imperative to let them practice the exercise under supervision. Therefore, to monitor the response of the students, the instructor will ask the students to complete a class work that entails determining the probability of picking marbles of distinct colors. Besides, the teacher will give the students different possibilities and ask them to create column graphs and pie charts. Later, the students will interpret the graphs and pie charts to determine if they have understood the concept. The teacher will be keen to determine the accuracy of the answers that the students give. Research indicates that new behaviors are learned mo st rapidly when correct responses are immediately reinforced, and incorrect responses are eliminated (Baumann, 2005, p. 95). Consequently, the teacher will help learners to identify their mistakes and make the necessary adjustments.Advertising Looking for critical writing on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Assumptions about Teaching A teachers or students assumptions about teaching contribute to the success of a coursework. Both teachers and pupils have assumptions that they believe if upheld would facilitate the creation of a favorable learning environment (Baumann, 2005). Prior to this semester, students had many assumptions about teachings. While some of the assumptions were right, others were wistful and hard to accomplish or implement. One of the assumptions that were uncovered during this semester is the perception that hands-on experience amounts to effective teaching. There is no doubt that hands-on experience is an integral constituent of effective teaching. Nevertheless, it is important to note that experience cannot work alone (Emerson, 2014). The semester confirmed the importance of encouraging students to think aloud and use imagination. Students should use the experience gained in class to enhance the knowledge by articulating their thinking. The knowledge acquired durin g the semester confirmed that students cannot rely on experience alone. Instead, they ought to reflect on the experience and develop skills. As a teacher, one is supposed to train students in how to make good use of the experience they acquire both in class and outside. They can do this by establishing a participatory environment that challenges students to think (Emerson, 2014). Some teaching guides discuss the concept of the habit of mind. The guides emphasize the importance of pupils using facts to substantiate their claims. In other words, the experience that students gain in class should help to develop their creativity. The activities of this semester confirmed the importance of going beyond hands-on and emphasizing on a â€Å"minds-on† way of teaching. The second assumption that was uncovered during the semester is the notion that a teacher should never leave students to fend for themselves. Previously, a majority of learners assumed that teaching entails a teacher hel ping students in everything that they do (Garrison, 2006). The assumption may hold in some instances. However, it is imperative to allow students to work independently as this instills creativity and confidence. A teacher should only monitor the students and help them when necessary. Failure to let the students fend for them may hamper the capacity to assume responsibilities in future (Garrison, 2006). The activities of the semester revealed that students cannot take responsibility for their studies if they are not given time to work independently. Therefore, teachers should come up with a program that enables them to â€Å"carefully and gradually release responsibilities to the students when they are ready† (Giannakidou, 2006, p. 578). The activities confirmed the importance of allowing students to operate independently. The success of learning and teaching environment depends on the abilities of the teacher. Much of what the teacher does is not instantly apparent to those w ho think that education involves an adult doing most of the talking at quiet students (Hess, 2009, p. 452). Encouraging students to do research independently goes a long way towards enhancing teaching. For effective teaching, a teacher should be well-informed, considerate, and intentional. Moreover, teachers should work with learners and delegate responsibilities to students based on their capabilities. In other words, effective teaching comprises delegating duties to pupils in a gradual manner. The third assumption that was uncovered during the semester is the opinion that an effective teaching involves covering the entire coursework. Most teachers believe that for students to learn, they must cover the entire syllabus. There is no problem in covering the curriculum or sharing as much information as possible with students. However, a teacher is not assured that the students will understand all that is covered. Mostly, students tend to forget if they are fed with a lot of informatio n (Pressley, Johnson, Symons, McGoldrick, Kurita, 2004). A lasting teaching does not entail sharing a lot of information with learners. Instead, it comprises breaking the information into parts and sharing it bit by bit. Covering a lot of content can â€Å"result in students missing the main ideas, trying to memorize everything and recalling little after the test† (Pressley et al., 2004, p. 23). The assumption that effective teaching entails finishing the syllabus is wrong. Rather than covering the entire syllabus, a teacher should focus on the key concepts that students need to learn. Besides, the teacher should identify the various abilities related to those concepts. They should use simple words to explain the concepts or come up with relevant examples. The semester confirmed the importance of intensive teaching. Conclusion Teaching emotive language entails selecting words that stir the emotions of the students. Moreover, it requires encouraging the learners to think alou d and be creative. The success of teaching emotive language lies in the ability to select words that are not only easy to understand but also trigger the imagination. The primary objective of using emotive language is to draw the attention of the students. A teacher has to use words with favorable connotation to avoid misunderstandings. References Baumann, J. (2005). The effectiveness of a direct instruction paradigm for teaching main idea comprehension. Reading Research Quarterly, 20(2), 93-108. Carnine, D. (2007). Diverse learners and prevailing, emerging and research-based educational approaches and their tools. School Psychology Review, 23(2), 341-350. Emerson, G. (2014). Ten common assumptions about teaching: Reflections on Taylor and Miller. Canadian Journal of Education, 11(1), 9-19. Garrison, D. (2006). A cognitive constructivist view of distance education: An analysis of teaching-learning assumptions. Distance Education, 14(2), 199-211. Giannakidou, A. (2006). Only, emotive factive verbs, and dual nature of polarity dependency. Language, 82(3), 575-603. Hess, F. (2009). Revitalizing teacher education by revisiting our assumptions about teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, 60(5), 450-457. Kinnucan-Welsch, K. (2007). Challenging assumptions about teaching and learning: Three case studies in constructivist pedagogy. Teaching and Teacher Education, 14(4), 413-427. Pressley, M., Johnson, C., Symons, S., McGoldrick, J., Kurita, J. (2004). Strategies that improve childrens memory and comprehension of text. The Elementary School Journal, 90(1), 3-32.

What evidence do the narrative accounts provide for the diversity of Essay

What evidence do the narrative accounts provide for the diversity of early Christianity - Essay Example The idea of being a shepherd was considered hazardous, tiring, and demanding, but Jesus considered himself as the good Shepherd. According to John 10:11, a shepherd will lay down his life for the sheep while 1st Samuel 17: 34-35 asserts that Jesus is like spirit since he lays down his life for mankind. In addition, Jesus interaction with the Samaritan woman and subsequent telling the Priests that tax collectors and prostitutes would go to heaven drew a lot of controversy among early Christianity. Jesus taught the scriptures privately to a woman which was against the prevailing law and the woman agreed to tell the news to the town. Jesus demonstrated the he was a gift from God by telling a Samaritan woman to give him water according to John 4: 7-27. In the book of Matthew 2:1; 14, 21, Jesus was born in Bethlehem and he subsequently departed to Egypt and finally went to the land of Israel. On the other hand, Luke 1:26;2:1-7, the gospel is clear that Angel Gabriel was sent from God to c ity of Nazareth to Virgin Mary, but the gospel still asserts that Joseph also went from city of Nazareth to Judea in Bethlehem (Hurtado 109). Jesus healing parables attracted a lot of controversy among his followers.

Dynamics of Hospitality Industry Management report Assignment

Dynamics of Hospitality Industry Management report - Assignment Example The industry has had major the negative impact on environment. The impacts have revolved around the usage of water, electricity, non-renewable energy and food wastage. Some hotels have been accused of spilling industrial refuse into rivers affecting the aquatic ecosystems. The hotel industry is embarking on training and equipment to ensure that employees make conscious decisions that encourage sustainability. This includes formulation institutional policies that enhance sustainability. The hotel industry hopes to reduce the waste output, energy consumption, water consumption and carbon dioxide emissions through adopting renewable energy. 1.1 Purpose of the report The purpose of the report is to analysis the sustainable development issues that the hospitality industry should focus on to ensure the quality of the future generations is not compromised. The report shall recommend solutions that could positively impact the sustainability management programs and unique additional solutions . PART II (SPECIFIC) 2.0 Westin Hotel Macau The Westin Hotel Macau is part of the Starwood Hotels Group. The Hotel focuses on creating a better world experience by placing special attention to communities and environment. 2.1 Brief Background Westin Hotel Macau is a leading luxury resort located in the Greater China. The 208 room hotel is placed in scenic sites to give the guests lasting experiences. The facility is situated on the south Eastern tip of Coloane Island near the Macau international airport. The facility is part of the 185 Westin hotels and resorts worldwide. The hotel has world class facility that aims at giving guests experiences and not just services. Therefore, the management of the hotel has invested in the qualified manpower and new environmental and financial energy management programs. This is likely to make the hotel globally competitive, high in demand and established. 2.2 Mission statement The Hotel has a mission of helping individuals and communities to atta in their maximum potential through strategic perspectives. 2.3 Environmental impact analysis The hotel industry has had a negative impact in the environment. Hotel in the past did not have a comprehensive energy conservation policy leading to the usage of high levels of energy. The equipments used were doubled the energy needs of the hotel. The hotel had little control of the energy consumption and regulation among the employees. This included failure of basic strategies for electricity and water conservation. Most of the energy conservation opportunities were not captured. The negative impacts were seen in the food wastage, unnecessary use of electricity and weak sewerage systems within the entire facility. Most of these negative impacts were propagated by the employees. However, the hotel has developed a comprehensive environmental and energy resource management. This is based on the needs to sustainability. The Westin Hotel managed to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions by over 3 kilograms in 1998. This happened through performing industry specific energy audits and training hotel staff on the need to conserve energy. The facility uses water from treated sewerage in its main golf course. The employees have been trained to minimize electricity usage i.e. using natural light, eliminating unnecessary usage of the cooling systems and enhancing the efficiency. The hotel is investing in employees to ensure that a minimization of physical wastage. Many hotels are

Cross-cultural Management Essay Example for Free

Cross-cultural Management Essay Culture could be defined as all the ways of life including traditions, religion, language, behaviors, arts and everything that creates identity to a country. In such a globalized world, where in most organizations we have people from the entire world, it is very important to know about cross-cultural management in order to understand people’s behavior and needs in order to avoid problems and have a pleasant and successful workplace. I chose to watch the movie ‘Lost in translation’, a 2003 American movie directed by Sofia Coppala. The film shows us what it is like to find ourselves in a completely different environment, culture. Gist of the movie: The movie focuses on issues such as loneliness, alienation and culture shock through the story of two Americans feeling lost in modern day Japan. One’s Bob Harris, an aging American movie star, who arrives in Tokyo to film an advertisement for a Japanese whisky brand. Apart from experiencing the culture shock he is also having a mid-life crisis and seems tired by his marriage which lacks emotions. Then there’s Charlotte, a young Yale graduate who comes here with her husband who is a photographer. She feels left alone by her partner who spends most of his time working, which makes her unsure of her marriage and life. The two eventually meet and together explore the differences in American and Japanese cultures. In the beginning of the movie, characters are portrayed in many situations, which make it clear that they are experiencing symptoms of culture shock. We see Bob Harris having problems with understanding and adjusting to the newfound conditions since his arrival in Tokyo, e.g. when he is greeted by almost every member of the hotel staff in which he stays and receives gifts and name cards from Japanese people. It is easily noticeable that he is not used to this kind of behavior, where as in the Japanese culture it marks high respect and gratitude to offer one’s business or visiting card on their first introductions. It is also indicated that he is an alien in this culture in one of the first scenes of the movie where in an elevator he is surrounded by natives significantly shorter than him. One of the reasons why newcomers feel uncomfortable in the host culture is the limited ability to communicate or complete lack of competence in speaking in a different language. Characters, especially Bob, have problems with communicating many times. One of the interesting and funny scenes was the first time during the shooting of the ad: The Director (with blue contact lenses) says a few long sentences in Japanese. TRANSLATOR, a middle-aged woman in a coordinated outfit, translates but it is only a short sentence now. TRANSLATOR He wants you to turn, look in camera and say the lines. Bob wonders what shes leaving out, or if thats the way it works from Japanese to English. BOB: Thats all he said? TRANSLATOR: Yes, turn to camera. Bob thinks lets just get it over with. BOB: Turn left or right? The Translator blots her face with a tissue, and asks the director in a Japanese sentence 5 times as long. The Director answers her in a long excited phrase. TRANSLATOR: Right side, and with intensity. BOB: Is that everything? It seemed like he was saying a lot more. The excited Director says more in Japanese. Translator nods in understanding. Bob doesnt really know whats going on. TRANSLATOR: Like an old friend, and into the camera. DIRECTOR (to Bob): Suntory Time! Here, Bob is aware of the translator’s incompetence and knows that the director said and asked him for a lot more. However, his linguistic incompetence does not allow him to fully interact and take part in the exchange of ideas. He is at the mercy of a translator not able to properly express herself in English. Another factor which contributes to experiencing culture shock is being unable to find the way or use public transport. In one of the scenes we can see Charlotte having those problems while standing in front of the Tokyo metro plan and staring at it with confusion. She seems to feel lost in the huge crowd but she has to deal with it alone since she has no friends with her and does not know the language. The feeling of loneliness is shown in the film in numerous scenes. It is most clearly visible when the characters are portrayed looking through the windows, giving the impression of being sad and absent. In the hotel room, on the back seat of a taxi they are always alone, separated from the busy city by glass. Their look may be called the far-away stare or the tropical stare, which is a sign of a serious culture shock. Another issue which does not make functioning in a different culture easy is food, which is very often unfamiliar. In a scene from the movie, Bob and Charlotte go for lunch. In the restaurant the waitress brings them drinks. She pours beer slowly, and turns on a pot on the table to cook their food. Charlotte looks at the menu as it is filled with photos of different trays of meat. The waitress doesnt speak English. CHARLOTTE: I cant tell the difference? They have trouble ordering, but point to a picture on the menu. BOB: Well have two of these. (He is forced to choose something randomly) Apart from the inability to distinguish between different dishes they also cannot communicate verbally with the waitress. None of them can speak Japanese and the restaurants employee does not know any English. In the final scenes of the movie, it is noticed that Bob is going through a certain stage of cultural shock i.e.; adjustment and appreciation. He found himself a friend, and seemed to like and appreciate his host culture. Back in the Presidential, alone, Bob leans against the little doily. They drive off. He looks out the window, Bobs happy hes going home, he’s happy he came to Tokyo. Since he was happy he came to Tokyo I assume that later he had some difficulties adjusting back to his own culture. Personally this movie helped me to learn a few modern day Japanese cultures. Also it depicts that no matter which country you choose to go, it’s always better to learn at least the basics of its language.

How Technology Has Positively Impacted Society on Defense :: Argumentative Persuasive Papers

How Technology Has Positively Impacted Society on Defense Defense Technology has come a long way since the early nineteen hundreds.With the invention of tanks and planes our country felt it had an adaquate defense, but as technology improved on the opposition side so came the demand for more improved defense measures. For instance in World War II Germany was developing mass amounts of war machinery that was bigger and better than ours. The Invention of the radar played a significant role in defense against these odds. Radar was fully developed by 1942 and was extremely instrumental in Britains defense against German bombers. This technology was developed into anti ship and submarine radar, by the United States Navy, which has been used successfully since then. The US Army also used radar, initially to aim searchlights so the soldier aiming the gun could see where to fire, but the systems evolved into fire control radar that aimed the guns automatically. When the United States came under attack by the Japanese in 1941 all of North America became concerned about homeland defense and imminent attack,society demanded protection. The Japanese had a large Navy very capable of just such a task. As the war escalated it was clear that the US had to develop better technology and fast. In the skies Japanese planes were anilating American aircraft. Technology was again depended upon by society to find a match for the zero, thus came about the F4U corsair. This had a positive effect on society as it created a more secure feeling of defense. US citizens still demanded a quick end to the war so the defense department went to work on the atomic bomb, of course the results would change the world forever. As Americans felt more secure with its new technology in defense a new danger developed in Russia, thus was the beginning of the cold war, perhaps the worst scenario of all. As the world entered the 1950's it was commonplace to see bomb shelters in a lot of backyards. Propaganda was at a new high and fear spread throughout the world. Regardless both countries felt confident of the latter. Society demanded again that higher technology was there only defense. The United States started to develop spy techniques as did the Russians to keep a close eye on each other's progress, this seemed to be the only way to keep the power in balance.

Definition of Mergers and Acquisition Essay

One plus one makes three: this equation is the special alchemy of a mergers or an acquisition. The key principle behind buying a company is to create shareholder value over and above that of the sum of the two companies. Two companies together are more valuable than two separate companies – at least, that’s the reasoning behind Mergers and Acquisition. This rationale is particularly alluring to companies when times are tough. Strong companies will act to buy other companies to create a more competitive, cost – efficient company. The companies will come together hoping to gain a greater market share or to achieve greater efficiency. Because of these potential benefits, target companies will often agree to be purchased when they know they cannot survive alone. Distinction between Mergers and Acquisitions Although they are often uttered in the same breath and used as though they were synonymous, the terms mergers and acquisition mean slightly different things. When one company takes over another and clearly established itself as the new owner, the purchase is called an acquisition. From a legal point of view, the target company ceases to exist; the buyer â€Å"swallows† the business and the buyer’s stock continues to be traded. In the pure sense of the term, a mergers happens when two firms, often of about the same size, agree to go forward as a single new company rather than remain separately owned and operated. This kind of action is more precisely referred to as a â€Å"mergers of equals. † Both companies’ stocks are surrendered and new company stock is issued in its place. For example, both Daimler – Benz and Chrysler ceased to exist when the two firms merged, and a new company, DaimlerChrysler, was created. In practice, however, actual mergers of equals don’t happen very often. Usually, one company will buy another and, as part of the deal’s terms, simply allow the acquired firm to proclaim that the action is a merger of equals, even if it’s technically an acquisition. Being bought out often carries negative connotations, therefore, by describing the deal as a merger, deal makers and top managers try to make the takeover more palatable. (Investopedia. com – the resource for investing and personal finance education. http://www. investopedia. com/university/mergers (Page 3 of 15). A purchase deal will also be called a merger when both Chief Executive Officers agree that joining together is in the best interest of both of their companies. But when the deal is unfriendly – that is, when the target company does not want to be purchased – it is always regarded as an acquisition. Whether a purchase is considered a mergers or an acquisition really depends on whether the purchase is friendly or hostile and how it is announced. In other words, the real difference lies in how the purchase is communicated to and received by the target company’s board of directors, employees and shareholders. Garbage (2007) in his thesis paper on International Mergers & Acquisitions, Cooperation and Networks in the e-business’ defines a mergers as â€Å"the combination of two or more companies in which the assets and liabilities of the selling firms are absorbed by the buying firm†. According to Gaughan (2002) â€Å"a mergers is a combination of two companies in which only one company survives and the merged company ceases to exist, whereby the acquiring company assumes the assets and liabilities of the merged company†. An acquisition also known as a takeover? s the buying of a company, the target? by another or the purchase of an asset such as plant or a division of a company. In the case of Vodafone acquisition of GT the acquired company Ghana Telecommunication Company limited still remains the legal name and Vodafone Ghana (VFGH) as the brand name. Rosenbaum and Pearl (2009) describe another form of acquisition known as a consolidation. According to them the terms mergers and consolidation are sometimes used interchangeably. As a general rule of thumb, a merger describes the acquisition of a smaller company by a larger one. If the union is between two corporations of more or less equal size, then the term consolidation is probably applicable. For the purpose of this study, the definition of Rosenbaum will be adopted as the working definition of a merger. Types of Mergers From the perspective of business structures, there are different kinds of mergers. According to Welch, P. and Welch, G. (2007) Economics: Theory and Practice (8th ed. ), economists generally classify mergers into three types: (1) horizontal, (2) vertical and (3) conglomerate. Horizontal mergers This type of mergers takes place when two firms in the same line of business i. . they are in direct competition or they share the same product lines and markets combine. A typical example is the 1999 Exxon Mobil mergers. The merger between Vodafone and Ghana Telecom which is the focus of our study is also a horizontal merger. Anticompetitive effects The vast majority of significant competition issues associated with mergers arises in horizontal mergers. A horizontal merger is one between parties that are competitors at the same level of production and/or distribution of a good or service, i. e. , in the same relevant market. There are two types of anticompetitive effects associated with horizontal mergers: unilateral effects and coordinated effects. Unilateral effects, also known as non-coordinated effects, arise where, as a result of the merger, competition between the products of the merging firms is eliminated, allowing the merged entity to unilaterally exercise market power, for instance by profitably raising the price of one or both merging parties’ products, thus harming consumers. In homogeneous markets, unilateral effects can be pronounced when two significant competitors merge to create a large, dominant player with only a few or no other competitors. In these markets, an important role in the assessment is played by market shares and by the capacity available in the market. In differentiated markets, unilateral effects tend to arise particularly when the two merging companies have highly substitutable goods. Such a price increase does not depend on the merged firm being the dominant player in the market. The likelihood and magnitude of such an increase will instead depend on the substitutability of the products supplied by the two firms – the closer the substitute, the greater the unilateral effects. Coordinated effects arise where, under certain market conditions (e. g. , market transparency, product homogeneity etc. ), the merger increases the probability that, post merger, merging parties and their competitors will successfully be able to coordinate their behaviour in an anti-competitive way, for example, by raising prices. As in the case of unilateral effects, the most common form of coordinated effects is in the case of horizontal mergers, i. e. mergers between firms active on the same market. The main question in analysing coordinated effects should be whether the merger materially increases the likelihood that firms in the market will successfully coordinate their behaviour or strengthen existing coordination. The task is to identify what factors are likely to lead to coordination taking place between firms post-merger. This was a controversial area with which competition authorities and courts have struggled to come to terms over the years, but experience has led to the emergence of some agreement on what conditions are most likely to give rise to coordinated effects. According to the â€Å"Airtours criteria†, coordination is more likely to emerge in markets where it is relatively simple to reach a common understanding on the terms of coordination. In addition, three conditions are necessary for coordination to be sustainable. First, the coordinating firms must be able to monitor to a sufficient degree whether the terms of coordination are being adhered to. Second, discipline requires that there is some form of credible deterrent mechanism that can be activated if deviation is detected. Third, the reactions of outsiders, such as current and future competitors not participating in the coordination, as well as customers, should not be able to jeopardise the results expected from the coordination. Vertical mergers These are mergers between firms that operate at different but complementary levels in the chain of production (e. g. , manufacturing and an upstream market for an input) and/or distribution (e. g. , manufacturing and a downstream market for re-sale to retailers) of the same final product. Another example is the acquisition of ABC television network by Walt Disney to enable Walt Disney air its recent movies to huge audiences. In purely vertical mergers there is no direct loss in competition as in horizontal mergers because the parties’ products did not compete in the same relevant market. As such, there is no change in the level of concentration in either relevant market. Vertical mergers have significant potential to create efficiencies largely because the upstream and downstream products or services complement each other. Even so, vertical integration may sometimes give rise to competition concerns. Anticompetitive effects Vertical effects can produce competitive harm in the form of foreclosure. A merger is said to result in foreclosure where actual or potential rivals’ access to supplies or markets is hampered or eliminated as a result of the merger, thereby reducing these companies’ ability and/or incentive to compete. Two forms of foreclosure can be distinguished. The first is where the merger is likely to raise the costs of downstream rivals by restricting their access to an important input (input foreclosure). The second is where the merger is likely to foreclose upstream rivals by restricting their access to a sufficient customer base (customer foreclosure). However, it should be noted that in general vertical merger concerns are likely to arise only if market power already exists in one or more markets along the supply chain. Conglomerate mergers involve firms that operate in different product markets, without a vertical relationship. They may be product extension mergers, i. e. , mergers between firms that produce different but related products or pure conglomerate mergers, i. e. , mergers between firms operating in entirely different markets. In practice, the focus is on mergers between companies that are active in related or neighbouring markets, e. g. , mergers involving suppliers of complementary products or of products belonging to a range of products that is generally sold to the same set of customers in a manner that lessens competition. This kind of mergers takes place when two firms in unrelated lines of business combine. A merger between a bank and a media house will be an example of a conglomerate merger. One example of a conglomerate merger was the merger between the Walt Disney Company and the American Broadcasting Company (http://www. sk. com/wiki/Conglomerate_merger) Anticompetitive effects Merger review in this area is controversial, as commentators and enforcement agencies disagree on the extent to which one can predict competitive harm resulting from such mergers. Proponents of conglomerate theories of harm argue that in a small number of cases, where the parties to the merger have strong market positions in their respective markets, potential harm may arise when the merging group is likely to foreclose other rivals from the market in a way similar to vertical mergers, particularly by means of tying and bundling their products. When as a result of foreclosure rival companies become less effective competitors, consumer harm may result. However, it should be stressed that in these cases there is a real risk of foregoing efficiency gains that benefits consumer welfare and thus the theory of competitive harm needs to be supported by substantial evidence. Evaluation of the effectiveness of existing regulations aimed to reduce anticompetitive practices of Mergers and Acquisitions in Ghana. Mergers and Acquisitions among companies in Ghana are regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Securities Industry Law 1993 (PNDC Law 333) (Ghana Investment Promotion Center, 2008). The law mandates the SEC ‘to review, approve and regulate takeovers, mergers, acquisitions and all forms of business combinations in accordance with any law or code of practice requiring it to do so. Ghanaian law on mergers and acquisitions is an amalgamation of several executive and legislative instruments passed as the corporate finance industry continues to evolve. The need to generate constructive competition among enterprises has been recognized by the government, and monopolies are actively discouraged as a result. The merger in November 2003 of two prominent international mining companies – Ashanti Goldfields and AngloGold (AngloGold succeeded in outbidding Rand Gold in the highly con-tested race with an offering of $1. 4 billion) promises great value to shareholders and the operations of both companies. The Companies Code stipulates the manner in which mergers and amalgamations should be effected. It places emphasis on company resolutions that authorize mergers and amalgamations and on the preservation of affected creditors’ rights. Ghanaian courts frown upon the arbitrary treatment of members or shareholders, and ample provision is made for aggrieved persons to apply to the court for redress at different stages of the merger or acquisition process. Foreign enterprises are guaranteed unconditional transferability of profits and dividends through any bank authorized to deal in freely convertible currency, encouraging and securing foreign investment. The transfer of company shares is exempted from all stamp duties and capital gains resulting from mergers, amalgamations and reorganizations are also tax exempt. Under Ghanaian investment law, preferential treatment is given to foreign and Ghanaian joint ventures by guaranteeing lower minimum capital requirements than those required for wholly foreign-owned enterprises. On the whole, mergers and acquisitions in Ghana continue to evolve as the government secures an attractive environment through executive, legislative and judicial activism to attract direct foreign investment and thus improve the economy. Consequently, the local corporate finance market has began to see increasingly complex financial transactions taking place as more international companies elect Ghana as the regional centre for their operations and its courts for dispute resolution issues.

Understanding Schizophrenia Essay examples - 1617 Words

Understanding Schizophrenia When a person hears the word crazy, their first thoughts are probably of symptoms of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is seen as the ideal case of insanity. The causes of this disease remain unknown, but scientists are constantly searching for answers. Although a cure for schizophrenia is surely far in the future, research and understanding is making more and more progress every day. To find a cure for schizophrenia, scientists must first understand the disease itself. Over the years, professionals have come up with a fairly accurate definition: When a persons thinking, feeling, and behaving are so far from normal so as to interfere with his or her ability to function in everyday life, and delusions,†¦show more content†¦Since not all schizophrenics act alike, professionals have sorted them out into three classic types. The first type is paranoid schizophrenia. Paranoid schizophrenics usually have a single theme or idea on which they focus their delusions and hallucinations. They are constantly afraid that people are out to get them. The second type of schizophrenia is disorganized schizophrenia. Disorganized type schizophrenics show very unorganized behavior. Facial grimaces, extreme withdrawal, and constant health complaints are typical symptoms of this type of schizophrenia. Hallucinations and delusions are symptoms of all types of schizophrenia, but the disorganized schizophrenic also exhibits senseless laughter and silliness. The third type of schizophrenia is catatonic. Someone with catatonic schizophrenia may hold a single position for hours on end. This is called a stupor. Their condition resembles that of suspended animation. Sometimes the person is rigid and hard to move, but at other times may flail around highly excited for no apparent reason. Although, through use of newer medications, catatonic schizophrenia is rare today. Medication has been the most successful treatment by far. Antipsychotic drugs do little for helping the patient understand and deal with various aspects of their illness. Because of this, psychotherapy is absolutely necessary along with medication. Alarmingly, a recent study shows that only a third of schizophrenia patients are getting the correctShow MoreRelatedThe Psychological Understanding Of Schizophrenia2173 Words   |  9 Pagesday, the psychological understanding of the mind and schizophrenia has improved as well. From the beliefs of demons dwelling in the minds of the ancient people to understanding the true psychological understanding of this disorder and how it affects the mind. The treatment differs throughout the ages as ancient doctors and knew little on the disorder now known as schizophrenia, the treatment has varied from killing people to shock therapy today. Even though the understanding has grown there stillRead MoreUnderstanding Schizophrenia Essay2372 Words    |  10 PagesUnderstanding Schizophrenia Schizophrenia, although affecting only one percent of the population, has a direct affect on society today. This disease, if left untreated, poses threat to health care professionals (including psychiatrists), law enforcement personnel, and family members responsible for the care and support of the schizophrenia patient. This paper addresses the causes of schizophrenia and the myths surrounding this complicated ailment, the affect of untreated or misunderstood aspectsRead MoreEssay on Understanding Schizophrenia1698 Words   |  7 Pageseverybody seemed so distant from me. This excerpt describes part of Esse Leete 20-year battle with schizophrenia. She committed herself to leading the fullest life her disease will allow and to educating others about mental illness. Schizophrenia is a very serious disease, but through defining schizophrenia and getting the patient help and treatment a schizophrenic can lead a full life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schizophrenia is defined as any of a group of psychotic reactions characterized by withdrawal from realityRead MoreUnderstanding And Living With Someone Diagnosed With Schizophrenia922 Words   |  4 PagesUnderstanding and Living with Someone Diagnosed with Schizophrenia In our own everyday lives, we battle with depression, confusion, and despair. As human beings we tend to encounter things that at most time our minds can t begin to understand. Our brains are meant to assist us in everyday learning, activates, and comprehension. But someone that is suffering with schizophrenia, it can be hard to cope with everyday living and even harder for someone of normal Neuron brain condition to understandRead MoreFact, Fiction, And Perception : Understanding Schizophrenia2469 Words   |  10 PagesFact, Fiction, and Perception: Understanding Schizophrenia Tia M. Hunter Understanding Schizophrenia 1 Salem College Understanding Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is a disorder of varying symptoms, in fact until the current edition of the DSM-V this disorder was broken into subtypes such as catatonic, disorganized, paranoid, undifferentiated, and residual. There many facets of schizophrenia such as auditory hallucinations, delusions, social isolation, as well as intense suspicion or agitation, eachRead MoreUnderstanding Schizophrenia And Biopsychological Case Studies Of Anxiety And Drug Abuse1791 Words   |  8 Pages Analyzing Psychological Disorders: Understanding Schizophrenia and Biopsychological Case Studies of Anxiety and Drug Abuse Susan DeVoe University of Phoenix â€Æ' Analyzing Psychological Disorders: Understanding Schizophrenia and Biopsychological Case Studies of Anxiety and Drug Abuse Let us discuss and dive into the study of a disease called schizophrenia. We will be taking a look at its symptoms, its causes, the areas of the brain it affects, its neural basis, and the appropriate drug therapiesRead MoreUnderstanding Schizophrenia and Psychosis1106 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Schizophrenia and Psychotherapy Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder  differentiated by degeneration of thought processes and of emotional reaction.  It is characterized by auditory hallucinations, delusions, or disorganized speech and thought process along with considerable social or occupational dysfunction. Onset of symptoms is usually during early adulthood. Diagnosis is based on DSM-IV criteria for diagnosis of Schizophrenia (PubMed, 2010). It mainly affects the cognition but behaviorRead MoreAn Understanding About Autism And Schizophrenia Essay1368 Words   |  6 Pagesas a whole but there are more categories that fall into it. My goal in this paper is to give you more of an understanding about autism along with its history, characteristics, and experiences from others. Historical Context Since the early nineteenth century, Eugen Bleuler, a Swiss psychiatrist was the first to use the term autism to identify schizophrenic patients. Autism and schizophrenia correlated in the minds of doctors and psychologists for many years until they started differentiating themRead MoreUnderstanding Schizophrenia From The Mind Of A Mental Health Victim1424 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding Schizophrenia from the Mind of a Mental Health Victim Themselves With basic information on what this mental illness is, to understand Schizophrenia further, research into personal encounters became apparent. After looking into the mind of Ian Chovil who was a victim of the mental health disease and finding his accounts very eccentric it is clear that this is something that could quite possibly affect the brains of the people that commit serious crimes in regards to the Media. Ian saysRead MoreSchizophreni The Most Devastating Mental Illness1706 Words   |  7 PagesNov 2014 Research paper Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is often times referred to as one of the most devastating mental illness. This is because of it early onset in a patients live, and also that the symptoms can be destructive not only to the patient but also their family and friends. Schizophrenia is often discussed as a single illness, but schizophrenia can include a wide array of disorders which can present many similar behavioral symptoms. More than likely schizophrenia comprises a whole group